Having different spots on the skin that are discolored is very common. Though these spots are harmless most of the time, they can be cosmetically undesirable. Having pigmentation problems is a sign of skin damage, typically from the sun. At Essential Dermatology, board-certified dermatologist Dr. Krathen can address these pigmented areas with a variety of medical spa treatments to help you get even-toned skin that you can feel confident about.
What Causes Sunspots and Pigmentation?
Sunspots and pigmentation are caused due to an increased amount of melanin. With sunspots, if you are in direct sunlight the UV rays cause your skin to produce melanin to try and protect the skin from the damage. This then damages the cells’ DNA which creates the spots on the skin. Freckles, though a natural occurrence for many, is a sign of skin damage from the sun.
Pigmentation typically occurs when the skin starts to produce too much melanin in a localized area. Melanin is what gives your skin it’s color. The more melanin present in skin, the darker the skin is. If too much melanin occurs, then this could change the color in different areas causing brown spots or red spots.
Treatments for Sunspots and Pigmentation
One of the best ways to avoid having pigmentation problems or sunspots is by using sunscreen regularly. At Essential Derm we help patients with their pigmentation problems by using laser treatments. One of the main laser treatments we use for our patients is the IPL Photofacial. This laser uses light energy to break up and disrupt the melanin in the treatment area. To help maintain your results, Dr. Krathen will recommend some daily sunscreen and skincare products.
Sunspots and Pigment FAQs
Are sunspots a sign of skin damage?
Yes. Sunspots, often called age spots or solar lentigines, develop as a result of cumulative sun exposure over time. They occur when ultraviolet radiation triggers increased melanin production in certain areas of the skin. While sunspots are usually harmless, they indicate that the skin has experienced sun damage. Because some skin cancers can resemble pigmented spots, it is important to have new, changing, or unusual discoloration evaluated by a board-certified dermatologist such as Dr. Michael Krathen.
What is the difference between sunspots and melasma?
Although both conditions involve excess pigmentation, they develop differently. Sunspots are typically caused by years of ultraviolet exposure and appear as distinct brown spots on sun-exposed areas. Melasma often presents as larger patches of discoloration and is commonly influenced by hormonal changes, genetics, and sun exposure. Because treatment strategies can vary, an accurate diagnosis is important before beginning any pigmentation treatment program.
Can sunspots and pigmentation continue to darken over time?
Yes. Without proper sun protection, existing pigmentation may become darker, and new spots can develop. Even small amounts of daily ultraviolet exposure can stimulate melanin production in susceptible areas. This is one reason dermatologists emphasize the importance of daily sunscreen use, even on cloudy days. Consistent protection helps reduce further discoloration and supports the longevity of treatment results.
Why do some pigmentation issues return after treatment?
Pigmentation can recur if the underlying triggers remain active. Continued sun exposure, hormonal fluctuations, inflammation, and certain medications may contribute to recurring discoloration. While treatments such as IPL Photofacial can significantly improve pigmentation concerns, maintaining results often requires an ongoing skincare regimen and diligent sun protection. Dr. Krathen may recommend medical-grade skincare products to help minimize the risk of recurrence.
Can pigmentation develop after acne or skin injuries?
Yes. A condition known as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation can occur after acne breakouts, cuts, burns, rashes, or other skin injuries. As the skin heals, excess melanin may accumulate in the affected area, leaving behind darkened spots. These marks can persist for months or longer without treatment. Dermatologic treatments and targeted skincare products may help accelerate fading and improve overall skin tone.
Are laser and light-based treatments safe for all skin types?
Many laser and light-based treatments can be performed safely on a variety of skin tones, but selecting the appropriate technology is important. Certain devices may carry a higher risk of unwanted pigment changes in darker skin types if not used properly. During your consultation, Dr. Krathen will evaluate your skin tone, pigmentation concerns, and treatment goals to determine the safest and most effective approach for your individual needs.
When should I see a dermatologist about pigmentation concerns?
You should consider scheduling an evaluation if you notice new dark spots, uneven skin tone, discoloration that continues to worsen, or lesions that change in appearance. Professional evaluation is especially important when pigmentation develops suddenly or looks different from your existing spots. A dermatologist can determine whether the discoloration is related to sun damage, melasma, post-inflammatory pigmentation, or another condition entirely. Early diagnosis helps ensure that you receive the most appropriate treatment plan and allows potentially serious skin concerns to be identified before they become more difficult to manage successfully.
Schedule a Consultation
If you have sun spots or pigmentation on your skin and would like to achieve an even tone, then contact Dr. Krathen at Essential Dermatology. He will create a unique treatment plan to help you get skin that you can feel confident in. To get started, call our office at (508) 545-9713 or request a consultation by filling out our online form. To book an appointment, schedule your visit as a new patient using our online scheduler or as an existing patient using the Mass General Brigham Patient Gateway.
