Melanoma is a very serious form of skin cancer. Though it is less common than other forms of skin cancer, such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, it is far more dangerous since it can sometimes spread to other organs. This type of skin cancer starts in cells that are known as melanocytes. It is important to consistently examine your skin for any signs of melanoma. If you notice any possible early signs, then come into Essential Dermatology to get a diagnosis. Dr. Krathen is a board-certified dermatologist who will create a personalized treatment plan for you to take care of any signs of this skin cancer.
What Causes Melanoma?
Melanoma starts in the melanocytes which are cells in the upper layer of the skin. These cells produce melanin, the pigment which gives our skin its color. There are two types of melanin: pheomelanin and eumelanin. When the skin becomes damaged from Ultraviolet radiation, the cells start to produce more melanin. The eumelanin tries to protect skin by darkening it or tanning it. When the DNA damage from UV radiation causes mutations in the cells, this results in massive cellular growth which turns to melanoma. People who are fair-skinned are more likely to get melanoma because the skin has more pheomelanin, which does not protect the skin. That is why people with light-skin also burn easier than those with darker skin.
Symptoms of Melanoma
- A slowly growing patch of thick skin
- New spot or patch on the skin
- Changes to an existing mole
- Dark streak under or around a fingernail or toe
- Itching
- Pain
- Bleeding
Treatments for Melanoma
To start the treatment for melanoma, Dr. Krathen will need to determine if the area is cancerous. He will examine the area to see if it is abnormal and then take a biopsy to test for cancer. Once it is determined to be cancerous, Dr. Krathen will test to see how deep it is in the skin and if it has the potential to spread. Most commonly, surgical excision is used to remove the affected area. In some cases, Mohs Surgery can be an effective treatment option. If the melanoma has spread more, you will need a more extensive treatment plan. Dr. Krathen will recommend options and create a plan based on your specific symptoms.
Melanoma FAQs
Why is melanoma considered more dangerous than other common skin cancers?
Melanoma develops from melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the skin, and has a greater tendency to spread to lymph nodes and internal organs compared to many other skin cancers. Because it can become life-threatening if not detected early, prompt evaluation is extremely important. Fortunately, melanoma is often highly treatable when diagnosed in its earliest stages. Dr. Michael Krathen performs comprehensive skin examinations at Essential Dermatology in Natick and Needham, MA, to help patients identify suspicious lesions as early as possible.
What changes in a mole could potentially signal melanoma?
Dermatologists often recommend watching for the ABCDE warning signs of melanoma: asymmetry, irregular borders, uneven color, increasing diameter, and evolving appearance over time. Additional warning signs may include itching, bleeding, tenderness, or the sudden appearance of a dark new spot. Some melanomas may also develop under fingernails or toenails. Dr. Krathen carefully evaluates changing moles and suspicious skin lesions at Essential Dermatology to determine whether monitoring, biopsy, or treatment is necessary for patient safety and skin health.
Can melanoma occur in people who do not spend much time outdoors?
Yes. Although ultraviolet exposure increases melanoma risk significantly, melanoma can still develop in individuals without heavy outdoor sun exposure. Genetics, family history, skin type, previous sunburns, and tanning bed use may all contribute to melanoma risk. Some melanomas even develop in areas with relatively little sun exposure. Dr. Michael Krathen encourages regular skin checks and professional dermatologic evaluations for patients throughout Needham and Natick, especially those with changing moles or elevated skin cancer risk factors.
Why are people with fair skin at greater risk for melanoma?
Fair-skinned individuals typically produce less protective eumelanin pigment and are more likely to experience sunburns and ultraviolet-related skin damage. Repeated UV damage may increase the likelihood of DNA mutations that contribute to melanoma formation over time. However, melanoma can affect individuals of all skin tones. Dr. Krathen emphasizes sun protection, early detection, and personalized skin monitoring at Essential Dermatology to help patients reduce melanoma risks and identify suspicious lesions before they become more advanced or difficult to treat.
How do dermatologists confirm whether a lesion is melanoma?
If Dr. Krathen identifies a suspicious lesion during a skin examination, a biopsy is typically performed to analyze the tissue under a microscope. The biopsy helps determine whether melanoma cells are present and provides important information about the lesion’s depth and characteristics. This information guides treatment planning and helps determine whether additional testing or procedures are necessary. Essential Dermatology provides personalized evaluation and treatment recommendations based on each patient’s diagnosis, risk factors, and overall skin health needs.
Can melanoma return even after successful treatment?
Yes. Patients who have previously had melanoma remain at increased risk for recurrence or developing new melanomas elsewhere on the skin. Ongoing dermatologic monitoring and regular self-examinations are extremely important following treatment. Sun protection habits and prompt evaluation of changing lesions also play an important role in long-term prevention. Dr. Michael Krathen works closely with patients throughout Natick and Needham to develop personalized follow-up plans designed to support early detection and continued skin health after melanoma treatment.
Where can I receive melanoma screening and treatment in Natick or Needham, MA?
Patients concerned about changing moles, suspicious lesions, or possible melanoma can schedule an appointment with board-certified dermatologist Dr. Michael Krathen at Essential Dermatology. Dr. Krathen provides comprehensive skin cancer screenings, biopsies, surgical treatment options, and ongoing skin monitoring tailored to each patient’s diagnosis and risk profile. Early evaluation can make a significant difference in treatment success and outcomes. To book an appointment, call the Natick office at (508) 545-9713 or the Needham office at (508) 484-8292.
Schedule a Consultation
When found early, melanoma can be treated effectively. You are at an increased risk of melanoma if a first-degree family member has had melanoma. If you are at a higher risk for melanoma you should examine your skin on a monthly basis. If you have found symptoms then talk to a dermatologist. Dr. Krathen will work with you to find an effective treatment. If you detect any signs or symptoms then call our office at (508) 545-9713 or request a consultation by filling out our online form. To book an appointment, schedule your visit as a new patient using our online scheduler or as an existing patient using the Mass General Brigham Patient Gateway.
