What are the five common treatment options for patients with milia?

Milia can occur in people of all ages, but it is most commonly seen in newborns and infants. In adults, it tends to be more prevalent in women and those with certain skin types, such as dry or sensitive skin. While milia can often go away on their own without treatment, some situations may require medical attention.

Milia are caused by the buildup of keratin under the skin’s surface. Keratin is a special protein normally found in skin cells, hair, and nails. When there is an overproduction of keratin or the skin cannot shed dead skin cells properly, it can result in small white bumps known as milia.

Most cases of milia do not require any treatment and will clear up on their own within a few weeks or months. However, medical treatment may be necessary if the milia persists or causes discomfort. This can include:

1. Topical retinoids. These can help to speed up the exfoliation process and clear out clogged pores.
2. Chemical peels. This treatment uses a blended chemical solution to remove the top layer of skin and help unclog pores.
3. Extraction. A dermatologist or esthetician can use a sterile needle or tool to extract the milia manually.
4. Cryotherapy. This involves the use of liquid nitrogen to freeze and remove the milia.
5. Microdermabrasion. This treatment utilizes a special machine that exfoliates the skin’s outer layer and clears out pores.

It is important to note that these treatments should only be performed by a trained professional, as attempting to extract or remove milia at home can lead to scarring or infection.